UICC World Cancer Congress 2006

Objective:Detection of specific chromosomal translocation in Acute lymphoblastic Leukemia. To know the frequency of TEL-AML, gene fusion involved in t(12;21) and to correlate these findings with Clinical, Haematological, Morphological and Immunophenotypic findings.

Methods:Bone-marrow aspirate samples were obtained from 45 ALL patients. These samples were subjected to short term cultures and karyotypes were made using ISCN. The chromosomal preparations were subjected to pre-treatment, denaturation, hybridization and post hybridization. The dual colour probe used was procured from Vysis. TEL was labeled with spectrum green and AML1 was labeled with spectrum orange. The signals were detected in Interphase and metaphase.

Results:The conventional cytogenetic study revealed chromosomal translocation t(12;21) (p13;q22) in 1 patient among 45 samples. TEL- AML1 gene fusion was observed in 2 interphase and metaphase chromosomal plates. Haematological and clinical investigations revealed Hb<10gms/dl in 59% of patients and 16gms/dl in 22% of patients. TC was <1,44,000 cmm in 68% of patients. Fever was the most characteristic feature and was found in 81% of patients followed lymphadenopathy in 71% of patients. Hypodiploidy was found in 82% of patients. 80% of patients revealed chromosomal translocations t(10;14)(q24;q11), t(10;14)(q24;p11) and t(11;14)(p13;q11) were found in T-ALL with L2 morphology. Other groups comprised less than 10% of patients. Fever, Lymphadenopathy and hypodiploidy were the most common findings.. Chromosomal translocation t(12;21) (p13;q22) was found in 1 patient among 45 cases. TEL-AML1 gene fusion found in 2 patients in interphase and metphase chromosomal preparations. Chromosomal translocation t(12;21)(p13;q22) is a relatively good prognosis lesion compared to other choromosomal translocation t(9;22) (q34;q11) and t(10;14)(q24;q11).